Abstract:
Objective: To explore women's participation in decision-making related to the type of anaesthesia for
elective caesarean section.
Methods: The exploratory, descriptive qualitative study was conducted from June to August 2021 and
comprised women aged at least 18 years who were either planned for elective caesarean section or
had undergone elective caesarean section at a tertiary care hospital in Islamabad, Pakistan, and a
secondary care hospital in the mountainous northern areas of the country. was triangulated via semistructured
interviews and observations. Data was subjected to manual content analysis, and codes
were assigned based on manifest and latent information. The codes were merged to form categories,
and a theme was extracted after repeated reflection on the categories.
Results: Of the 20 women with age ranging 25-38 years, 11(55%) were from the secondary care
hospital, and 9(45%) were from the tertiary care hospitals. Overall, 11(55%) women received general
anaesthesia and 9(45%) received spinal anaesthesia. Data saturation was achieved in the 14th
interview 14 (70%) and the remaining 6(30%) subjects were observed by the researchers. Content
analysis led to four categories: initiation of discussion about anaesthesia, quality of discussion about
anaesthesia, opportunity for patients' input in the decision, and factors influencing the decision. The
categories led to the generation of an overarching theme: ensure the norms; follow the commands.
Conclusion: The decision regarding the choice of anaesthesia for caesarean sections was usually in
line with the hospitals' unwritten standards, which were either aligned with evidence-based medical
practice, or the availability and competence of anaesthesiologists. Women were usually the recipients
of information by the anaesthesiologists.
