http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/179 Sat, 04 Apr 2026 12:03:59 GMT 2026-04-04T12:03:59Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/20438 Deconstructing disappearance: legal framework of missing person in Pakistan Naz Akbar, 01-278222-013 Supervised by Mr. Abdul Ghaffar Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/20438 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/20446 A critical analysis of international cybercrime complaint mechanisms: proposing a unified global convention for cybercrime complaint procedure Tahir Hussain, 01-278231-023 The swift progress of digital technology has outrun the ability of current international legal frameworks to address effectively the threats of cybercrime. While the 2001 Budapest Convention on Cybercrime represented an important step towards global cooperation, its sparse adoption and patchwork nature have led to jurisdictional gaps that are exploited by cybercriminals, as Brenner points out, producing legal "black holes" in the world's enforcement terrain. This thesis aims to critically analyse international and regional legal frameworks, as well as national legislation, to identify their procedural inconsistency and incapability of global application. Overall, doctrinal research methodology through descriptive and critical analysis has been applied to analyse the viability of a common global convention on cybercrime complaint procedures and stresses the imperative need for an internationally centralized cybercrime reporting system. The researcher has found that the primary hurdles to the possibility of such a convention, e.g., geopolitical tensions, opposing national interests, and disparities in technology between industrialized and developing nations, are explored extensively. Moreover, this research has determined the significance of public-private partnerships in enhancing cyber resilience, an argument presented by Schjolberg and Ghernaouti-Helie (A Global Treaty on Cybercrime: A Contribution from the Global Alliance for Cybercrime Prevention. In light of this, the General Assembly's adoption on 24 December 2024 in New York by resolution 79/243 of the United Nations Convention against Cybercrime further attests to the growing agreement on the importance of wide-ranging international cooperation in this area. This research concludes the significance of embracing a harmonised worldwide legal remedy in terms of a process of victim redressal and prescribes effective lines of action tending towards its implementation, enforcement and sustain-ability in order to reach a robust as well as concerted world cybercrime paradigm. Supervised by Mr. Muhammad Rafi Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/20446 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/20441 Law regulating gender-based violence in Pakistan: a feminist legal analysis Asma Khan, 01-278231-007 Gender-based violence (GBV) is still a core human rights concern of the world since it targets minority female persons. Although there are many internationally recognized laws against GBV include the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), and the Istanbul Convention, it is regrettably evident that there is poor national-level commitment. In this thesis, the Pakistan’s GBV legal framework is explored from a feminist approach in consideration of its compliance with the international standards; legal and implementation gaps. This study uses a non-doctrinal feminist critique research methodology to critique and assess Pakistan’s domestic laws; among them are the Prevention of Anti-Women Practices Act (2011), the Acid Control and Acid Crime Prevention Act (2011), the Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) Act (2013), and the Anti-Honor Killing Bill (2016) by using international human rights laws and standards. It was identified that, despite, legislature-related improvements in Pakistan, lack of enforcement, social prejudices, primal gender stereotype sentiments, and no institutional pressure affects the execution process. Some or most survivors are denied justice and equality through issues such as corrupt police, slow justice system, victims’ blaming, and limited resources such as legal aid and shelters. The study reveals that legal reforms and protections for women are irregularities, insufficient gender sensitivity in law implementation, and cultural rationales for abuse as the major barriers. To this end, it calls for legal, institutional and social change such as passing a GBV specific law, the setting up of courts that handle such cases, effective polices on handling GBV cases, organizations , programs that support survivors of GBV and nationwide campaigns for changes on the same. In contributing to the existing debates of gender justice and legal reforms, this study reveals loophole of GBV legislation in Pakistan and-art and with reference to the international frameworks. This study therefore serves to show the vii need for policy and cultural shift in order to end GBV. Finally, this study recommends for the use of legal, institutional and societal strategies as a way of eliminating GBV in Pakistan. Supervised by Dr. Muhammad Fayaz Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/20441 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/20439 Illegal child trafficking in digital era: a review of legislative inadequacy in Pakistan Yashfeen Muhib, 01-278222-021 This thesis aims to address the ever-evolving issue of Illegal Child Trafficking and the role of digital technology to further it within societal and legal landscape of Pakistan. The research is driven by the need for a nuanced examination that considers the legislation in Pakistan, International human rights law and the critical role digital technology. The introduction provides a comprehensive overview of the issue, outlining research objectives and emphasizing the significance of considering the loopholes in law and how digital technology along with the anonymity provided by the dark web has further made eradicating it difficult. The thesis also provides root causes of child trafficking and highlights the prolonged negative impacts trafficking has on child victims. Moreover, emphasis is also placed on how a lack of unified definition of a child in Pakistan has caused problems while dealing with cases of child trafficking. The research gap is identified through a theoretical, contextual, and methodological analysis of previous studies, setting the stage for the current research. The thesis statement succinctly captures the essence of the research, emphasizing the absence of clear legal provisions addressing Child Trafficking and how the digital realm remains uncontrolled in Pakistan. Research questions guide the study, addressing rootcauses of child trafficking, legal provisions, international perspectives, and proposing legal reforms. The literature review highlights the research gaps from previous research articles. The tentative outline provides a structured framework for the thesis, with chapters focusing on the causes, legal landscape, critical analysis of laws, global comparisons, and recommendations for reform. The outcome emphasizes the potential impact of proposed reforms on eradicating the menace of child trafficking keeping in view the best interests of a child. Overall, this thesis aims to achieve in expanding the body of literature on Child trafficking which is considered as a branch of other crimes rather than addressing it as a grave issue on its own requiring immediate attention, providing a foundation for future research and accordingly make legislative measures to address the critical issue of Child Trafficking in Pakistan. Supervised by Dr. Mahmood Ahmed Shaikh Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/20439 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z