http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/16189 Sat, 04 Apr 2026 12:04:00 GMT 2026-04-04T12:04:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19561 Social Impact of State Charity Provided To the Vulnerable Segments of Society in Baltistan : An Ethnographic Study of the Poor Living on State Charity in Baltistan Arifa Batool, 01-251231-001 This study explores the social impact of state charity programs, with a specific focus on the Benazir Income Support Program (BISP) and Prime Minster youth laptop scheme (PMYLS) in Baltistan and examines how such initiatives influence the well-being of vulnerable individuals. The research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of direct financial and material support in addressing immediate needs, identify the disadvantages of these programs, such as dependency and inefficiency, and assess their long-term contributions to social progress, resilience, and sustainable development within communities. This study used a qualitative ethnographic approach to explore the lived experiences of individuals reliant on state charity. The findings show that while programs such as BISP and the PMYLS provide short-term relief, they are not sustainable for long-term development. The study emphasizes shifting focus toward capacity-building to promote self-sufficiency and lasting progress. It highlights the need to enhance individual capabilities and expand opportunities as key indicators of development. The integration of state charity with educational, vocational, and healthcare initiatives is recommended as a strategy to break cycles of dependency and encourage long-term societal transformation. This research is significant for policymakers and development practitioners, offering critical insights into the benefits and limitations of direct support programs. By addressing the challenges and emphasizing skill-building and resource access, the study advocates for a more sustainable approach to state charity, ensuring lasting social progress and improved livelihoods for vulnerable populations. Supervised by Dr. Abdul Waheed Rana Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19561 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19560 Cultural Change and Modern Economic Trends: A Digital Ethnography of V-logging in Pakistan Sana Dabir, 01-251231-008 V-logging has become the economic opportunity in the digital time period and the youth has gained economic opportunities in race to fulfil other employment deficiencies. This research aims to find the impact of the trend of v-logging on youth of Pakistan and how it contributes to the personality development and cultural change. It also focuses upon the modern economic opportunities that come with the use of v-logging as a tool. The method used to conduct this research is the digital ethnography. I have conducted this research for over a year where I began it by studying the v-loggers in the digital platforms by interacting with them in the comment sections. The filed work lasted for 6 months from February to August. This research took place in Islamabad. The major findings of this research employ that the youth of Pakistan has been fascinated by the trend of v-logging since the beginning. The use of v-logging as a source of income serves as an easier way of finance enhancement but the challenges, in terms of privacy, negative response, hatred, also comes alongside the success. The influencers believe that v-logging is a new way of life. Displaying and sharing their everyday activities and routine, with their followers, motivate them to be more practical and punctual with their digital media presence. Not just for the fun and entertainment element, v-logging has been used for abundant of other purpose like knowledge, learning, motivation, cultural awareness, personality development and empathy. I believe that this trend has made the youth of Pakistan more independent in terms of finance. They have gained economic empowerment by earning money through vlogs at a very young ae which was a noel phenomenon in terms of cultural change and economic opportunities. It also contributed in building their social identities in digital spaces and living a life of independence. Supervised by Dr. Majid Hussain Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19560 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19562 Voices from the Margins: A Study on the Lived Experiences of Street Children in Islamabad Areen Pervaiz, 01-251222-002 This study focuses on the life experience of street children in the capital city of Pakistan (Islamabad), especially in the commercial area of I-8 Markaz, where they labour to work and live daily. Data were gathered using a qualitative ethnographic approach by participant observation and in-depth interviews with 20 street children (12–18 years). Thematic analysis is used to elucidate key themes: resilience, social marginalization, health issues, psychological implications, and economic recognition. The study attributed this to poverty and breakdowns of families that prevent the children from institutional support such that they are forced to seek informal labour like trash collecting, begging and petty vending. They suffer through a complicated life filled with social stigma, lack of access to healthcare and education, marginalization, and abuse. They have survival strategies, resilience, and adaptability, with which they overcome those hardships and hope for a better tomorrow. It proves necessary policy changes to offer protection and healthcare and education services according to realities on the streets of Islamabad. This study demands different health attitudes and a more extensive approach to advocating for child development in the urban milieu to empower this child population. Supervised by Dr. Majid Hussain Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19562 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19566 Impact of Climate Change and Glacier Melting on Subsistence Pattern : A Case Study of Sadpara Village, Skardu District Syeda Sakina Mosvi, 01-251231-009 The melting of glaciers is a significant effect of climate change that presents a number of difficulties for populations who rely on water resources fed by glaciers. In this ethnographic study an attempt has been made to investigate the perceptions and interpretations of glacier melting among the villagers of Sadpara amid the ongoing climate change. Investigating local perceptions of glacier melting and the adaptive measures taken by residents to lessen its consequences were the primary goals of the current study. A qualitative research design has been used for this investigation. Data has been collected in the span of six months in the field, from April 2024 to September 2024. Data was gathered from the sample of 40 respondents using purposive sampling, convenient and expert sampling techniques. Focus group discussions, participant observation, in-depth semi-structured interviews, and audio and video recordings were all used as data gathering tools. According to the study's findings, local residents of Sadpara view the melting of glaciers and climate change as serious concerns. For them, the glaciers in their area provide the only supply of water for agriculture and drinking. Since the vast majority of people rely on agriculture, the residents of Sadpara believe that the region is at serious risk of water scarcity due to the glaciers' gradual melting. Two distinct types of perceptions were noted during fieldwork. One group believes that the melting of the glaciers in their area is a result of God's will and is entirely natural, while another group believes that anthropogenic activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels, the use of plastic, and air pollution are to blame. According to the study's findings, Sadpara's rugged geography and reliance on natural resources make it particularly vulnerable to climate change and it is bringing a radical shift to their subsistence pattern of the locals. Changes in precipitation patterns and increased glacial melt have caused disruptions to conventional farming. Unpredictable water availability affects irrigation systems, which lowers crop production. Locals view them as more significant and refer to them as their identity. Data shows that climate change produces adverse effects in people’s lives. Supervised by Dr. Ghulam Hussain Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19566 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z