http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/10325 Sat, 04 Apr 2026 12:26:16 GMT 2026-04-04T12:26:16Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19889 Subsurface Structural Interpretation and Petrophysical Analysis of Bitrism Area, Southern Indus Basin, Pakistan M. Daniyal Qureshi; Momin Javeed This study presents a comprehensive geophysical and petrophysical investigation of the Bitrism area located within the Lower Indus Basin, with a primary focus on hydrocarbon exploration. The seismic interpretation involved the structural mapping of key formations, including the Kirthar Limestone, Sui Main Limestone, Lower Ranikot, Upper Goru and Lower Goru Formations using 2D seismic data and synthetic seismogram correlation. The area is structurally defined by an extensional tectonic regime, evident from the presence of multiple normal faults that have resulted in horst and graben structures. These structural features serve as potential hydrocarbon traps and time-depth contour mapping further supports the identification of promising drilling prospects. Complementing the seismic analysis, petrophysical evaluation of the Lower Goru Formation, specifically from the 2928m to 2934m depth interval, indicates moderate reservoir quality. The zone exhibits a shale volume of 10.77%, effective porosity of 8.95%, and hydrocarbon saturation of 20.94%. Despite a relatively high water saturation, the integration of geological and petrophysical parameters confirms the presence of viable hydrocarbon accumulations. Overall, the study concludes that the Bitrism area holds significant potential for future hydrocarbon development, supported by favorable subsurface structures and reservoir characteristics. Supervised by Dr. Muhammad Raiees Amjad Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19889 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19888 2D Seismic Data Interpretation and Petrophysical Analysis of Kadanwari Block, Lower Indus Basin, Pakistan Zeerak Abbas, 01-166212-024; Muhammad Haris, 01-166212-014 The thesis was conducted to observe and understand the subsurface geology of the Kadanwari area by utilizing 2D seismic interpretation and the hydrocarbon saturation was estimated utilizing petrophysical formulae. The study area is affected by extensional tectonics, causing normal faults in the area which are marked in interpreted seismic sections and due to the trend of these faults the area has horst and graben structures which helps in hydrocarbon accumulation. Sembar Formation is the major source rock in the study area and the reservoir Formation is Lower Goru with the Upper Goru acting as a seal hence completing the petroleum system. In this thesis, three horizons were marked on a seismic section named Lower Goru of the Cretaceous age, Sui Main Limestone of Eocene and Habib Rahi Formation, also of Eocene age and then the time and depth contour maps were generated Lower Goru and Habib Rahi formations. Petrophysical analysis was performed on the Lower Goru Forma and four hydrocarbon-bearing zones were identified based on the log curve and average values of the volume of shale, a saturation of hydrocarbon, and effective porosity were calculated for these zones. Supervised by Dr. Urooj Shakir Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19888 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19997 2D Seismic Data Interpretation and Petro physical Analysis of Sawan Area, Central Indus Basin, Pakistan Muhammad Adnan, 01-166212-004; Ehsaan Ali, 01-166212-011 The study represents the seismic interpretation and petrophysical evaluation of the Sawan Gas Field, situated in the Central Indus Basin of Pakistan. The main objective is to assess the hydrocarbon potential of the Lower Goru Formation, which lies between the depths of 2707 meters and 3635 meters in the Judge-01 well. A total of five 2D seismic lines were interpreted using Kingdom software. Synthetic seismograms were generated to correlate well data with seismic profiles, allowing accurate marking of key horizons and fault structures. The seismic interpretation identified horsts, grabens, and a negative flower structure, reflecting significant tectonic deformation. Time and depth contour maps were created for formations such as Lower Goru, Habib Rahi, and Sui Main Limestone to visualize subsurface geometries and identify potential hydrocarbon traps. Petrophysical analysis was carried out using various logs including gamma ray, resistivity, neutron, density, and sonic logs. Different porosity types—density, neutron, sonic, average, and effective porosity— were calculated. In Zone-1, the average porosity (PHIA) was 5.8% and the effective porosity (PHIE) was 5.3%, while Zone-2 had PHIA of 4.4% and PHIE of 2.7%. The average shale volume (Vsh) was 10% in Zone-1 and 32% in Zone-2, indicating cleaner rock in Zone-1. Water saturation (Sw) intervals were also computed, averaging 37% in Zone-1 and 43% in Zone-2. These results confirm that Zone-1 has better reservoir quality, with higher porosity, lower shale content, and reduced water saturation. Overall, the integration of seismic and petrophysical data provides a clear understanding of the subsurface and highlights the gas-bearing potential of the Lower Goru Formation in the study area. Supervised by Dr. M. Fahad Mahmood Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19997 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19995 2D Seismic Interpreatation of Bitrism Block and Petrophysical Analysis of Fateh-01 well, Lower Indus Basin, Pakistan Aqsa Rubab, 01-166201-020; Ramsha Ali, 01-166201-014 This study meant to provide better understanding of the subsurface structure of the Bitrism block, which is located in Sindh, Lower Indus Basin, Pakistan and to estimate the petrophysical parameter of Fateh-01 well by numerical equation with the use of well logs. This research is based on seismic and well-log data. In this location, the Lower Goru Formation sandstone, which originated in shallow marine settings, makes up the prolific reservoirs.. The thing of this survey is to estimate, interpret, and calculate the productive zones using seismic and well-conditioned log data. To better understand the spatial geometry of the structures, after picking up the horizons time and depth contours were produced in order to better comprehend subsurface variances.. The horizon on formation tops designated Sui Main Limestone, Lower Ranikot Formation and Lower Goru Formation were noted on the seismic data interpretation. The seismic interpretation reveals no questioning in the study area. Time and depth contour maps were created with a view to complete the interpretation. The Lower Goru Formation act as a source that comprises shale, while the beach in the Lower Goru Formation is key reservoir. According to the interpretation, a thick sub caste of Upper Goru Formation works as a seal rock. Petrophysical analysis of the selected zones indicating reservoir quality. Supervised by Dr. M. Fahad Mahmood Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19995 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z