Published Articles (Pharmacology)

PREVALENCE OF CAROTID ARTERY STENOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

2026-01-02T07:26:49Z

PREVALENCE OF CAROTID ARTERY STENOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE Dr Bisma Mukhtar Dr Najam Ul Haq Dr Kishwar Al Dr Aurangzeb Khan Dr Nawal Nasir Khan Dr Sahibzada Muhammad Azib Gondal Dr Khadija Ali Dr Muhammad Omar Mukhtar Dr Mahnoor Babar Introduction: Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is significantly linked to systemic atherosclerosis, which elevates the risk of carotid artery stenosis (CAS) and subsequent cerebrovascular incidents. Timely intervention through early detection of significant CAS in patients with PVD can enhance outcomes. Objectives: To determine the frequency of significant carotid artery stenosis in patients presenting with symptomatic peripheral vascular disease. Subjects & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Foundation University School of Health Sciences, Rawalpindi from January-April, 2025. 170 symptomatic PVD patients of both genders having age between 18 to 80 years were enrolled for this study. Following clinical assessment and Doppler confirmation, a bilateral carotid ultrasound was conducted to identify severe stenosis on the basis of MCA-PSV. Significant CAS labelled as positive if there is ≥50% of stenosis as per SRUCC criteria. Data was analyzed using SPSS 23.0, with results presented as frequencies, percentages, and means ± SD. Stratification was performed for study confounders, and a post-stratification Chi-square test was utilized, with a p-value of ≤ 0.05 deemed significant. Results. Study was female dominant 117 (68.8%) and most patients were aged 50–60 years (n=76; 44.7%). Cumulative mean age of the study population was 55.64±10.20 years. Significant carotid artery stenosis was found in 27 (15.9%) patients, while 143 (84.1%) had no significant stenosis. We found no statistically significant association among significant carotid artery stenosis and gender, age, BMI, duration of symptoms, or clinical presentation (p-values > 0.05). Conclusions: A significant proportion of individuals with PVD demonstrated notable CAS. Although the stratified analysis did not reveal statistically significant relationships, trends suggest an increased risk among females, those with obesity, and patients with advanced limb ischemia. Lecturer Dr M Omar Mukhtar Pharmacology BUCM

Histopathological Features of Oral Cancer: Diagnostic and Prognostic Indicators

2025-07-04T03:12:12Z

Histopathological Features of Oral Cancer: Diagnostic and Prognostic Indicators Momina khadija Abbasi, Aiza Saadia; Naila Abrar Background: Oral cancer, mostly oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was shown to be one of the principal causes leading to a great health burden worldwide with significant morbidity and mortality Objective: The objective of our Study was to build an archetypal portrait of histopathological scenario in oral cancer and the clinical importance that can be leveraged as efficacious diagnostic markers for conducting precision diagnostics. Study Design: A Retrospective Study. Duration and Place of the Study: This study was conducted at Department Watim medical and dental college, Rawat, between 3rd February 2023 to 2nd January 2024. Material and Methods: This Study comprised of 200 patients having oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and other malignancies in oral region. Criteria for inclusion: patients having a histologically confirmed diagnosis of oral cancer with complete clinical records and enough biopsy tissue samples. The exclusion criteria were recurrent tumors, previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy and incomplete histopathological records. Results: The study population was the 200 patients diagnosed with oral cancer. The mean age of our patients at the time of diagnosis was 58.4 ± 12.3. The age range was as follows; 16.0% of the patients were under 40, 53.5% patients were 40-60, 30.5% patients wer over 60. Well-differentiated tumors had a baseline HR 1.00, whereas the HR in moderately differentiated cases was 1.45 (95% CI: 1.10-1.90, p=0.02) and in poorly differentiated 2.10 (95% CI: 1.50-2.90, p<0.01). Conclusion: Our study in oral cancer supplied a comprehensive assessment on the histopathological and IHC characteristic of it for revealing their diagnostic, and prognostic functions. Prof Dr Naila Abrar HOD Pharmacology & Therapeutics

Impact of CYP3A4 rs2242480 polymorphisms on Imatinib HPLC determined trough concentration and response in Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia in Pakistani patients

2025-07-04T09:35:25Z

Impact of CYP3A4 rs2242480 polymorphisms on Imatinib HPLC determined trough concentration and response in Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia in Pakistani patients Asma Khan, Zunera Hakim; Akbar Waheed, Naila Abrar Objective To ascertain the impact of CYP3A4 polymorphism on the therapeutic outcome of imatinib and its trough concentration Study design Descriptive analytical study Place and duration of the study This study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Islamic International Medical College, between December 2020 and February 2022, in collaboration with the Institute of Biomedical Genetic Engineering, KRL Hospital Islamabad. Methods Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia age range–18-70 years were included in this study. One group comprised responders and the other group comprised non-responders. Imatinib trough levels in both groups were determined using High-performance Liquid Chromatography and compared, and the association was determined with therapeutic outcomes. DNA was extracted, and the PCR Open Peer Review Approval Status 1 2 version 1 22 Apr 2024 view view Aijun Zhang , Shandong University, Shandong, China 1. Nicholas Cross, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK 2. Any reports and responses or comments on the article can be found at the end of the article. Page 1 of 11 F1000Research 2024, 13:310 Last updated: 22 AUG 2024 Associated Research Article Gazali M, Effendi I, Husni A et al. » Sargassum sp. extract improve hematological profile of tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus), F1000Research 2024, 12:293 (https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.128819.4) Corresponding author: Dr. Asma Khan (asmazeb26@yahoo.com) Author roles: Khan DA: Conceptualization, Data Curation, Formal Analysis, Funding Acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project Administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing; Hakim DZ: Conceptualization, Formal Analysis; Waheed DA: Formal Analysis, Supervision; Abrar DN: Conceptualization, Visualization, Writing – Review & Editing Competing interests: No competing interests were disclosed. Grant information: The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work. Copyright: © 2024 Khan DA et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. How to cite this article: Khan DA, Hakim DZ, Waheed DA and Abrar DN. Impact of CYP3A4 rs2242480 polymorphisms on Imatinib HPLC determined trough concentration and response in Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia in Pakistani patients [version 1; peer review: 1 approved with reservations, 1 not approved] F1000Research 2024, 13:310 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.146356.1 First published: 22 Apr 2024, 13:310 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.146356.1 restriction fragment length polymorphism technique was used to identify the alleles. The results were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. Results The imatinib concentration in patients with the homozygous wild allele CC of rs2242480 was higher(1298ng/ml) as compared with the mutant homozygous TT allele (489ng/ml) or heterozygous allele CT(873ng/ml) Conclusion There was a significant association between imatinib trough levels and CYP3A4 polymorphism, and trough concentration was found to be lower in patients with the TT or CT variant of rs2242480 than in patients with the CC genotype. Prof Dr Naila Abrar HOD Pharmacology & Therapeutics

Comparative Study of Prophylactic Vs Conventional Phenylephrine Administration in Preventing Spinal Anaesthesia-Induced Hypotension in Elective caesarean Section Patients: A Quasi Experimental Trial

2025-07-04T09:35:04Z

Comparative Study of Prophylactic Vs Conventional Phenylephrine Administration in Preventing Spinal Anaesthesia-Induced Hypotension in Elective caesarean Section Patients: A Quasi Experimental Trial Bushra Taskeen, Sonia Riaz; Maryam Ahmer, Urooj Zaidi; Hassam Nasir Khan Alizai, Naila Abrar; Amanat Ali Khan, Muhammad Munir Ahmad Khan Objective: To determine the prophylactic effect of phenylephrine in patients undergoing spinal anaesthesia in comparison to the conventional group. Study design: Quasi experimental trial. Place and duration of study: HIT Hospital Taxila in the period of 6 months. Materials and methods: This quasi-experimental trial was conducted in HIT Hospital. Total 68 females were divided into two groups: Control group and Experimental group. Each group consisted of 34 patients aged between 20 to 40 years. The patients were scheduled for elective cesarean section deliveries under spinal anaesthesia. All patients of the experimental group were given prophylactic dose of phenylephrine 100mcg diluted in normal saline after undergoing spinal anaesthesia before the start of procedure. Control group patients were only given normal saline as a placebo after undergoing spinal anaesthesia before the start of procedure. Control group patients were given phenylephrine as conventional treatment only if they experienced hypotension during the procedure. Results: Among the patients in the experimental group none experienced hypotension. Their blood pressure remained fairly constant in the normal range. In the control group, 4 out of 34 patients (11.7%) had their blood pressure dropped below the cutoff point of 90/60 mmHg. Conclusion: Our results show that a prophylactic dosage regimen i.e., 100mcg of phenylephrine is effective in controlling spinal -anaesthesia -induced hypotension in patients undergoing Caesarean-section. In comparison with conventional group where hypotension occurs only in few patients. Prof Dr Naila Abrar HOD Pharmacology & Therapeutics