Bahria University Health Sciences Campus Islamabad http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/17783 2026-04-04T09:41:05Z 2026-04-04T09:41:05Z Muhammad Amir, Muhammad Iqbal, Ehsan Elahi, Muhammad Faraz, Owais Amjad Janjua,Muhammad Faizan http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/20893 2026-03-09T03:20:26Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Assessiing Endobronchiiall Washiing Mycobactteriium Tubercullosiis Gene Xpertt''s Rolle iin Diiagnosiing Pullmonary Tubercullosiis iin Sputtum Smear Negattiive Pattiientts Muhammad Amir, Muhammad Iqbal, Ehsan Elahi, Muhammad Faraz, Owais Amjad Janjua,Muhammad Faizan Objective: To see diagnostic accuracy of GeneXpert MTB in diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis in sputum smear negative patients. Study Design: Cross-sectional Study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pulmonology, Pakistan Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi, Pakistan from May to Oct 2024. Methodology: Patients having at least any of two clinical criteria and at least one radiological finding suspected of TB and were included. The clinical criteria comprised of intermittent fever or persistent cough for greater than 3 weeks, drenching night sweats for more than 2 weeks, HIV positive patients, weight loss greater 5% of body weight, and haemoptysis. The radiological criteria included cavitatory lesions, consolidation, pleural effusion or hilar adenopathy on chest radiographs. After initial history and investigations, all patients went through fiber optic bronchoscopy. The Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) medium was used for sample inoculation and incubated for 8 weeks. The GeneXpert MTB samples were processed as per manufacturer's specifications. Results: In this study, one hundred and twenty-two (n=122) patients median age of 46.00(28.75-59.25) years were included. The cough 95(77.87%), fever 79(64.75%) and weight loss 74(60.66%) were common symptoms respectively. The upper lung zone 84(68.85%) and middle lung zone 12(9.84%) were commonly involved. The GeneXpert MTB was reported high positive in 41(33.61%) patients. The GeneXpert MTB was found to be 92.64% sensitive, 85.71% specific and 90.98% accurate. The positive predictive and negative predictive values were 91.30% and 90.56% respectively. Conclusion: GeneXpert MTB is a reliable tool to test smear-negative patients suspected of tuberculosis. Prof Dr Muhammad Amir, Medicine, BUCM

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Saira Karimi, Muhammad Ali Nawaz, Saadia Naseem, Zahid Ali http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19949 2025-09-25T04:59:45Z 2025-05-14T00:00:00Z

Influence of open-top chambers induced climate warming on secondary metabolic profile of culturally and medicinally important plants of Himalaya, Karakoram and Hindukush Saira Karimi, Muhammad Ali Nawaz, Saadia Naseem, Zahid Ali Plants native to colder climates, higher elevations, or semi-arid regions have more phenolic compounds in their organs. Faced with the current climate crisis, the effects of global heating with overgrazing pressure on natural pastures are not fully recognized in the Himalaya-Karakoram and Hindukush (HKH) region. The objective of this research was to investigate how biological active compound accumulation and concentration of high-elevation plants change under the influence of simulated climate warming which was induced by open-top chambers. The bioactive profiling plant species from experimental units were investigated through High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and compared with control. That revealed a significant increase in the major phenolic acid and flavonoid compounds (Rutin, Quercetin, Myricetin, Gallic Acid, and Kaempferol). The accumulation of other minor compounds, such as Vanillic Acid, Syringic Acid, Ferulic Acid, and Catechin, showed species-specific variation in concentration. The species-specific responses indicated the dominant and positive adaptation species such as P. macrophylla, A. rupestris, A. penduncularis, P. hololeuca, P. alpina, and under stress could accumulate more secondary metabolites, explaining their capacity for adaptation. These species’ proliferation under a stressed climate and higher elevation with grazing pressure provides insightful information about their exploitation of phenolic compounds which may alter the environmental sustainability. Research Assistant Saira Karimi Research Cell

2025-05-14T00:00:00Z Dr Mahwish Zeb, 2Dr Sadia Syed, 3Dr.Younas Khan, 4Dr Gul Maria, 5Dr Noreen Farid,,Dr. SayedMuhammad Yadain http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19308 2025-07-03T10:48:32Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Development of Advanced Forensic Techniques for Identification of Human Remains in Challenging Environments Dr Mahwish Zeb, 2Dr Sadia Syed, 3Dr.Younas Khan, 4Dr Gul Maria, 5Dr Noreen Farid,,Dr. SayedMuhammad Yadain Background: The identification of human remains in challenging environments, such as mass disasters, criminal investigations, and war zones, posed significant difficulties due to decomposition, environmental factors, and incomplete skeletal remains. Advanced forensic techniques played a crucial role in improvingthe accuracy and efficiency of human identification. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate and develop advanced forensic techniques for the identificationof human remains in complex environmental conditions, enhancing the reliability of forensic investigations. Methods: This study was conducted at Services Hospital, Lahore, from August 2024 to January 2025, involving a study population of 120 cases of unidentified human remains. A combination of forensic anthropology, DNA analysis, stable isotope analysis, and radiographic imaging was utilized to assess theeffectiveness of various identification methods. Data were analyzed to determine the accuracy, feasibility, and limitations of these techniques in different environmental conditions. Results: The study found that DNA analysis remained the most definitive method, with an identificationsuccess rate of 92%. Forensic anthropology and radiographic imaging proved highly effective in cases with skeletal remains, with an accuracy of 85% in estimating age and sex. Stable isotope analysis provided valuable geographic information in 78% of cases, aiding in narrowing down possible identities. The integration of multiple forensic techniques significantly improved overall identification rates, particularly in cases involving degraded remains. Conclusion: The development and application of advanced forensic techniques greatly enhanced the accuracy and reliability of human remains identification in challenging environments. The combinationof DNA analysis, forensic anthropology, stable isotope analysis, and radiographic imaging demonstratedacomprehensive approach to forensic investigations. Future research should focus on refining these methods and integrating emerging technologies to further improve forensic identification processes Associate professor, forensic med and toxicology dept, Bahria University College of medicine, Islamabad.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Dr Syed Ahmed Shafiq Bukhari, Dr Iqra Mukhtar, Dr Aqsa Rasool, Dr Saleha Fatima, Dr SaqibSattar and Dr Zaid Habib Qureshi http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/20215 2026-01-01T04:08:31Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of Patient Safety among Undergraduate Medical Students of IIMC Dr Syed Ahmed Shafiq Bukhari, Dr Iqra Mukhtar, Dr Aqsa Rasool, Dr Saleha Fatima, Dr SaqibSattar and Dr Zaid Habib Qureshi Even though the patient safety training is essential for minimizing avoidable harm, it is only occasionally included in undergraduate medical courses.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was 1.to evaluate final-year MBBS students at Islamabad Islamic Medical College (IIMC) about their knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions (KAP) of patient safety 2.To assess the expectations of healthcare professionals regarding patient care at working places.MethodologyFrom January to March 2022, a cross-sectional survey was done at IIMC with 178final-year MBBS students (response rate: 84.2%) using a validated, 25-item questionnaire modified from the WHO Patient Safety Curriculum Guide. Ethical permission was obtained. SPSS v21 was used to analyze the data, which included descriptive statistics (frequency, mean) and inferential tests (chi-square, logistic regression).ResultsThe majority of pupils showed a moderate understanding of patient safety principles. Perceptions of the institutional safety culture varied, even though views were generally positive, especially regarding teamwork and error disclosure. Many students voiced doubts about how to handle errors and have candid conversations about them. Increased comprehension and trust in putting safety procedures into practice were substantially correlated with clinical exposure.ConclusionThere is a need for more structured, experiential learning opportunities to reinforce patient safety principles. Integrating simulation, case-based learning, and non-punitive error reporting systems into the curriculum can foster a more safety-oriented healthcare mindset among future physicians. Lecturer Dr Syed Ahmed Shafiq Bukhari, Pathology BUCM

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z