BS Psychology (BULC)

Perceived Neglect, Bullying, Emotion Regulation, and Internalizing and Externalizing Problems in Adolescents

2025-12-08T05:02:27Z

Perceived Neglect, Bullying, Emotion Regulation, and Internalizing and Externalizing Problems in Adolescents 03-275232-063, Farhana Ashiq The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between perceived neglect, bullying and their internalizing and externalizing problems on adolescents. A correlational research design was employed, involving a sample of 200 male and female students aged 11 to 19 years enrolled in government schools. Data were collected using standardized measures, including the Bully Victimization in Adolescents Scale, the Emotional Neglect Scale, the School Children Problem Scale, and the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire for Adolescents. Statistical analyses, including Pearson product–moment correlations, hierarchical multiple regression, one-way ANOVAs, and independent samples t-tests, were conducted to explore the relationship associations among the variables. Findings indicated that the bullying, emotional neglect, and school-related problems were positively interrelated. Internalizing problems were most strongly predicted by verbal bullying, dominance and control, and internalization, while demographic factors, other forms of bullying, and most emotion regulation strategies showed limited predictive value. Externalizing behaviors were primarily influenced by Dominance and Control, with additional contributions from Internalization, Active Resolution, and Distraction, and the effect of Physical Bullying was mediated through emotion regulation processes. T-test revealed that boys were more likely to engage in verbal and physical bullying, whereas girls demonstrated higher internalizing tendencies; active resolution, social withdrawal, and psychosomatic problems. Class-level differences were observed for behavioral and school-related variables, while bullying and internalizing measures remained relatively consistent across grades. The study underscores that certain forms of bullying and specific emotional regulation patterns are key predictors of adolescents’ internalizing and externalizing problems. These findings provide valuable insights for designing targeted school-based interventions and mental health programs aimed at reducing bullying, strengthening emotional regulation, and promoting resilience. The results may also guide parents, educators, and policymakers in creating supportive environments that foster healthy coping strategies and emotional well-being among adolescents.

Trauma of Religious Discrimination, Perceived Social Support, Post Traumatic Growth and Mental Health in Religious Minorities

2026-03-09T05:01:02Z

Trauma of Religious Discrimination, Perceived Social Support, Post Traumatic Growth and Mental Health in Religious Minorities 03-275232-031, Muhammad Aqib This study investigated the relationships among religious discrimination, perceived social support, posttraumatic growth (PTG), and mental health in religious minorities in Pakistan. A purposive sample of 203 participants (Christians = 135; Ahmadis = 68) completed validated self-report measures, including the Religious Discrimination Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Mental Health Continuum-Short Form, and Posttraumatic Growth Inventory. Results indicated that religious discrimination was significantly and negatively associated with both mental health (r = –.442, p < .01) and PTG (r = –.432, p < .01). The perceived social support was significantly associated with mental health (r =.707, p < .01) and PTG (r =.486, p < .01). Results of moderation analyses indicated that the negative impact of religious discrimination on both outcomes was mitigated by perceived social support with significant interaction effects in both mental health (B = .119, p =.002) and PTG (B =.171, p =.014). Group comparisons indicated that Ahmadis did report more discrimination, but that Christians did report more PTG and good mental health in controlling support. These results emphasize the harmful effects of systemic religious discrimination on mental health and the protective role of social support. The research will add to the body of knowledge in the minority stress theory as it evidences a new culture that has not been explored sufficiently in literature, as well as pointing out possible practical interventions by community and psychosocial support groups, and policy changes that may ensure the protection of the rights of the minorities in the Pakistani context. Keywords: religious discrimination, posttraumatic growth, mental health, perceived social support, religious minorities, Pakistan

Self-Concealment, Friendship Quality and Social Isolation among University Student

2026-03-09T04:54:49Z

Self-Concealment, Friendship Quality and Social Isolation among University Student 03-275232-037, Noor ul Huda Akbar

THE ROLE OF SOCISL COMPARISON AND APPEARANCE RELATED RACISM IN PREDUCTING COMPENSATORY APPEARANCE MANAGEMENT BEHAVIORS IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN ADULTS

2025-12-08T06:38:00Z

THE ROLE OF SOCISL COMPARISON AND APPEARANCE RELATED RACISM IN PREDUCTING COMPENSATORY APPEARANCE MANAGEMENT BEHAVIORS IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN ADULTS 03275232-034, Nimra Riaz This research work investigated the role of social comparison, appearance related racism in predicting compensatory appearance management behaviors in university students. A sample of 300 students (114 males and 182 females) aged between 18-30 years was recruited from universities using convenient sampling. Standard instruments including social comparison scale (Allan & Gilbert, 1995) in-group colorism scale (Harvey et al., 2017) and body image concern inventory (Littleton et al., 2005) were used. Results indicated that Results indicated that social comparison was significantly associated with CAMBs suggesting that frequent comparisons with others may increase the likelihood of engaging in appearance- focused behaviors. Appearance-related racism was also positively related to CAMBs highlighting that experiences of color-based discrimination serve as a strong predictor of appearance concerns. Furthermore mediation analysis revealed that appearance-related racism partially mediated the relationship between social comparison and CAMBs indicating that discriminatory experiences intensify the impact of comparison processes on body image management. Gender differences were also observed with female students reporting higher levels of CAMBs compared to male students. Regression analysis confirmed appearance-related racism as a stronger predictor of compensatory appearance management behavior compared to social comparison. The findings underscore the importance of addressing both social comparison tendencies and discriminatory beauty standards in interventions aimed at promoting healthy body image among young adults. Practical implications for educators, counselors and policymakers are discussed, along with recommendations for future research. Dr. Tahira Rubab Hafeez